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Database Testing

 

🧠 What is Database Testing?

Database Testing is a type of software testing that focuses on validating the data integrity, accuracy, consistency, and performance of a database. It ensures that:

  • Data is stored and retrieved correctly.
  • CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) work as expected.
  • Business rules and constraints are enforced.
  • The database performs well under load.

It typically involves:

  • Schema Testing (tables, keys, indexes)
  • Data Validation (correctness of stored data)
  • Stored Procedure & Trigger Testing
  • Performance Testing (query response time, indexing)
  • Security Testing (SQL injection, access control)

🛒 Real-Life Example 1: E-Commerce Platform During Holiday Sale

Scenario:
An e-commerce site like Amazon or Daraz experiences a surge in traffic during Black Friday.

Database Testing Focus:

  • Load Testing: Simulate thousands of concurrent users adding items to cart and checking out.
  • Data Integrity: Ensure that inventory counts update correctly and no duplicate orders are created.
  • Transaction Testing: Validate that payment and order records are committed atomically—no partial updates.
  • Backup & Recovery: Test how the database handles failures and restores data.

Why It Matters:
A real-world outage during a holiday sale cost a major retailer millions. Proper database testing could have identified bottlenecks and prevented the crash.

🏥 Real-Life Example 2: Healthcare Management System

Scenario:
A hospital uses a patient management system to store medical records, prescriptions, and billing data.

Database Testing Focus:

  • Data Accuracy: Ensure that patient records are not overwritten or mismatched.
  • Access Control: Verify that only authorized users (e.g., doctors, nurses) can access sensitive data.
  • Audit Trails: Test that all changes to patient data are logged for compliance.
  • Referential Integrity: Ensure that deleting a patient record doesn’t orphan related prescription or billing data.

Why It Matters:
Incorrect or lost medical data can lead to life-threatening errors. Database testing ensures compliance with regulations like HIPAA and protects patient safety.

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